{"product_id":"roman-gallienus-ad-253-268-bi-double-denarius-rev-providentia-ngc-014","title":"ROMAN.Gallienus AD 253-268  BI Double-Denarius \/ Rev. Providentia  NGC (014)","description":"\u003cbr\u003e \u003cfont rwr=\"1\" style=\"\"\u003e\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"WCPGSubHead\" style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 11px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 18.6667px;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/resized-images.crazylister.com\/68747470733a2f2f696d672e6372617a796c69737465722e636f6d2f35383630382f696d616765732f6c6f676f322835292e706e673f76657273696f6e49643d5f695235775254556a5736497a53305f54792e524c376649764f6c347a727834\/auto\/82.png\" style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 18.6667px; font-weight: 400;\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"WCPGSubHead\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 11px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eROMAN EMPIRE \u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eGALLIENUS 253-268 AD\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eBI DOUBLE DENARIUS \u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eRoman Age of Chaos\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eCERTIFIED BY NGC \u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eObverse:  \u003c\/font\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003eGallienus  facing right, wearing a military style drape and a radiate \u003cbr\u003ecrown, framed by the inscription \"GALLIENVS AVG,\" which simply means \"Emperor \u003cbr\u003eGallienus.\"\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eReverse : \u003cfont style=\"font-family:Arial\"\u003ePROVIDAVG - Providentia standing left, holding wand over globe and scepter.\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eIn Roman mythology, Providentia was the \u003cbr\u003egoddess of forethought. Providentia (Providence). With all their vices, follies, \u003cbr\u003eand gross superstitions (indeed, in spite of them), the Romans still appear to \u003cbr\u003ehave cherished a belief in the perpetual and direct interposition of the gods \u003cbr\u003ewith respect to human affairs. Among the various monuments which attest this \u003cbr\u003ereligious feeling, or at leas this profession of religion, on the part of both \u003cbr\u003eprinces and people, none are more conspicuous than those to be found on their \u003cbr\u003eimperial coins, for it is to be observed that previous to the substitution of \u003cbr\u003ethe monarchical for the republican form of government, that allegorical divinity \u003cbr\u003ewhose name is derived from providere (to foresee) is not seen either on metal or \u003cbr\u003eon marble. In ancient Roman religion, Providentia is a divine personification of \u003cbr\u003ethe ability to foresee and make provision. She was among the embodiments of \u003cbr\u003evirtues that were part of the Imperial cult of ancient Rome. Providentia thus \u003cbr\u003efigures in art, cult, and literature, but has little or no mythology as such.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eProvidentia was an important moral and philosophical abstraction in Roman \u003cbr\u003ediscourse. Cicero says it is one of the three main components of prudentia, \"the \u003cbr\u003eknowledge of things that are good or bad or neither,\" along with memoria, \u003cbr\u003e\"memory,\" and intellegentia, \"understanding.\" The Latin word is the origin of \u003cbr\u003ethe Christian concept of divine providence.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eGallienus was Emperor of the Roman Empire \u003cbr\u003efrom AD 253-268, sharing the throne with his father Valerian until AD 260, then \u003cbr\u003eas sole ruler until his death in AD 268. Based upon the inscriptions, this \u003cbr\u003eBillon Double-Denarius of Gallienus was struck during his solitary reign, AD \u003cbr\u003e260-268. The Romans typically used doubled letters to indicate plurality. \u003cbr\u003eCoinage of Gallienus minted during his joint reign are inscribed \"AVGG\" (two \u003cbr\u003eemperors), while later coins bear the inscription \"AVG.\"\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"WCPGSubHead\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 11px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"font-size: 14pt;\" align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003ePublius Licinius Egnatius Gallienus ( c. 218 \u003cbr\u003e– September 268) was Roman emperor with his father Valerian from 253 to 260 and \u003cbr\u003ealone from 260 to 268. He ruled during the Crisis of the Third Century that \u003cbr\u003enearly caused the collapse of the empire. He won a number of military victories \u003cbr\u003eagainst usurpers and Germanic tribes, but was unable to prevent the secession of \u003cbr\u003eimportant provinces. His 15-year reign was the longest in half a century.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBorn into a wealthy and traditional senatorial family, Gallienus was the son of \u003cbr\u003eValerian and Mariniana. Valerian became Emperor in September 253 and had the \u003cbr\u003eRoman senate elevate Gallienus to the ranks of Caesar and Augustus. Valerian \u003cbr\u003edivided the empire between him and his son, with Valerian ruling the east and \u003cbr\u003ehis son the west. Gallienus defeated the usurper Ingenuus in 258 and destroyed \u003cbr\u003ean Alemanni army at Mediolanum in 259.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe defeat and capture of Valerian at Edessa in 260 by the Sasanian Empire threw \u003cbr\u003ethe Roman Empire into the chaos of civil war. Control of the whole empire passed \u003cbr\u003eto Gallienus. He defeated the eastern usurpers Macrianus Major and Lucius \u003cbr\u003eMussius Aemilianus in 261–262 but failed to stop the formation of the breakaway \u003cbr\u003eGallic Empire under general Postumus. Aureolus, another usurper, proclaimed \u003cbr\u003ehimself emperor in Mediolanum in 268 but was defeated outside the city by \u003cbr\u003eGallienus and besieged inside. While the siege was ongoing, Gallienus was \u003cbr\u003eassassinated, stabbed to death by the officer Cecropius, as part of a \u003cbr\u003econspiracy.\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"WCPGSubHead\" style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 11px;\"\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\" align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cb style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003ePlease check out my other listings and we will be happy to combine in one package !\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"WCPGSubHead\" style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 11px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"font-size: 14pt;\" align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cb style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eYOU WILL RECEIVED THE SAME COIN AS PICTURED.\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"font-size: 14pt;\" align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cb style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eALL COINS ARE AUTHENTIC AS DESCRIBED.\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e \u003cbr\u003eListed with ExportYourStore.com","brand":"eNumismat","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44052475511028,"sku":"NGC 6559228-014","price":40.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/8600\/4103\/products\/57_b97bfe05-8ef4-457d-a37c-3b51bbcf0efa.jpg?v=1689409420","url":"https:\/\/enumismat.com\/products\/roman-gallienus-ad-253-268-bi-double-denarius-rev-providentia-ngc-014","provider":"eNumismat","version":"1.0","type":"link"}