{"product_id":"tabaristan-khurshid-c-a-d-740-761-silver-hemidrachm-altar-ngc-ms-004","title":"Tabaristan Khurshid (c.A.D. 740-761) Silver Hemidrachm \/ Altar NGC MS  (004)","description":"\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e MODIFIED ITEM : No\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e CERTIFICATION NUMBER : 6157826-004\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e CERTIFICATION : NGC\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e DENOMINATION : Hemidrachm\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e KM NUMBER : 740-761 AD\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e GRADE : MS\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e YEAR : 740-761 AD\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cfont rwr=\"1\" style=\"\"\u003e\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"WCPGSubHead\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 11px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eAncient Tabaristan\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eKhurshid (c.A.D. 740-761) AR Hemidrachm \u003c\/b\u003e\n\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eGRADED NGC MS \u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eObverse: Crowned Bust\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eReverse: Fire Altar, Attendants \u003c\/font\u003e\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eKhurshid ( 734–761), erroneously designated \nKhurshid II by earlier scholars, was the last Dabuyid ispahbadh of Tabaristan. \nHe succeeded to the throne at an early age, and was supervised by his uncle as \nregent until he reached the age of fourteen. Khurshid tried to assert his \nindependence from his vassalage to the Caliphate, supported various rebellions \nand maintained diplomatic contacts with Tang China. Finally, the Abbasids \nconquered his country in 759–760, and captured most members of his family. \nKhurshid fled to Daylam, where he ended his life.\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eKhurshid was born in 734\/735, the son of \nDadhburzmihr or Dadmihr (died 740) and grandson of Farrukhan the Great (died ca. \n728), the first ruler (ispahbadh) of the Dabuyid dynasty from whose reign coins \nare known. According to the traditional account, the Dabuyids had established \nthemselves as the autonomous rulers of Tabaristan in the 640s, during the \ntumults of the Muslim conquest of Persia and the collapse of the Sassanid \nEmpire. They owed only the payment tribute and nominal vassalage to the Arab \nCaliphate, and managed, despite repeated Muslim attempts at invasion, to \nmaintain their autonomy by exploiting the inaccessible terrain of their country. \nA more recent interpretation of the sources by P. Pourshariati, however, \nsupports that Farrukhan was the one who actually established the family's rule \nover Tabaristan, sometime in the 670s. In earlier works on the dynasty, Khurshid \nis named Khurshid II, due to erroneous interpretation of numismatic evidence, \nwhich led earlier scholars to interpolate a first Khurshid before Farrukhan, \nwhose rule was thought to have begun ca. 710.\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eKhurshid succeeded his father at the age of \nonly six, and for eight years the regency was exercised by his uncle Farrukhan-i \nKuchak (\"Farrukhan the Little\"). When Khurshid came of age, Farrukhan's own sons \nrefused to recognize his claim and tried to usurp the throne. Their plot was \nallegedly betrayed to Khurshid by a slave girl, Varmja Haraviya. With the help \nof the sons of his cousin Jushnas, Khurshid managed to defeat and imprison \nFarrukhan's sons. He later took Varmja Haraviya as his wife, while the sons of \nJushnas were given high positions in the state. The historian Ibn Isfandiyar \ngives a vivid description of the prosperity of Tabaristan at this time, which \nwas a major centre for textile production (including silk), and which traded \nwith the Turks of Central Asia, probably via the Caspian Sea. Khurshid is said \nto have contributed to this prosperity by building numerous bazaars and \ncaravanserais. Khurshid also tried to consolidate and even extend his royal \npower, and used the turmoil within the Umayyad Caliphate during the Third Fitna \nto this effect, rebelling against Caliph Marwan II (r. 744–750), and even \nsending an embassy to the Tang court in 746, which recognized him (\"king \nHu-lu-ban\") as a vassal prince.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\nDuring the Abbasid Revolution, however, he was forced to submit to the Abbasid \narmies under Abu Muslim. As one of Abu Muslim's vassals, he supported the latter \nin his quarrel with the Caliph al-Mansur (r. 754–775). After the Caliph had Abu \nMuslim murdered in 755, Khurshid supported the anti-Abbasid rebellion of Sunbadh, \nwho entrusted part of Abu Muslim's treasure to Khurshid's keeping. When \nSunbadh's revolt was defeated, Sunbadh fled to Tabaristan, but was killed there \nby one of Khurshid's cousins, ostensibly because he had failed to show the man \nproper respect. It is possible, however, that the murder was instigated by \nKhurshid, in the hope of acquiring the remainder of Abu Muslim's treasure. \nAl-Mansur sent his son and heir, al-Mahdi (r. 775–785), to recover the treasure \nof Abu Muslim. Khurshid denied having it, and al-Mansur tried to unseat Khurshid \nby crowning one of his cousins as ispahbadh. This did not have the desired \neffect of challenging the loyalty of Khurshid's subjects, but Khurshid was \neventually forced to accommodate the Abbasids by accepting an increase in the \nannual tribute, which brought it to the level paid to the Sassanids.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\nSoon after, nevertheless, Khurshid took advantage of the rebellion of Abd al-Jabar \nibn Abd al-Rahman, the governor of Khurasan, to once again throw off allegiance \nto the Caliphate. Al-Mansur sent an army into Tabaristan, with the intention of \ncompletely subduing the country and making it a province. Khurshid fled to the \nfortress of al-Tak in the mountains, where he was besieged in 759–760. Although \nKhurshid himself escaped to nearby Daylam, the fortress eventually fell, and \nwith it his family fell into the hands of the Abbasids and brought to \nBaghdad. From Daylam, Khurshid tried to regain his kingdom. He raised an \narmy from the mountain dwellers of the region, and invaded Tabaristan in 760. \nRepulsed, he returned to Daylam. After learning of his family's capture, \nhe is said to have exclaimed \"after this there is no inclination to life and \njoy, and death is the very solace and respite itself\", and took poison, probably \nin 761.\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\nTabaristan became a regular province of the Caliphate, ruled from Amul by an \nArab governor, although the local dynasties of the Bavandids, Karinids and \nZarmihrids, formerly subject to the Dabuyids, continued to control the \nmountainous interior as tributary vassals of the Abbasid government. Coins were \nminted in Tabaristan in Khurshid's name until 764, whereafter the name of the \nAbbasid governor was substituted. As a result, some earlier works also mention \n767 as the date of Khurshid's death\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"WCPGSubHead\" style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 11px;\"\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\" style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cb style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003ePlease check out my other listings and we will be happy to combine in one package !\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"WCPGSubHead\" style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: 14pt; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-top: 11px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\" style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"\u003e\u003cb style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eYOU WILL RECEIVED THE SAME COIN AS PICTURED.\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp align=\"center\" style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"\u003e\u003cb style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eALL COINS ARE AUTHENTIC AS DESCRIBED.\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e \u003cbr\u003eListed with ExportYourStore.com","brand":"eNumismat","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42296301027572,"sku":"NGC 6157826-004","price":145.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0271\/8600\/4103\/products\/NGC_6157826-004.jpg?v=1641694801","url":"https:\/\/enumismat.com\/products\/tabaristan-khurshid-c-a-d-740-761-silver-hemidrachm-altar-ngc-ms-004","provider":"eNumismat","version":"1.0","type":"link"}