Roman Constantine II AD 337-340 BI Reduced Nummus / Jupiter NGC (012)

Obverse: laureate, cuirassed bust right.

Reverse: Jupiter standing left, holding
Victory on globe and scepter; eagle to left and captive to right.

In Roman mythology , Jupiter or Jove was the
king of the gods , and the god of sky and thunder . He is the equivalent of Zeus
in the Greek pantheon . He was called Iuppiter (or Diespiter) Optimus Maximus
("Father God the Best and Greatest"). As the patron deity of ancient Rome , he
ruled over laws and social order. He was the chief god of the Capitoline Triad ,
with sister/wife Juno . Jupiter is also the father of the god Mars with Juno.
Therefore, Jupiter is the grandfather of Romulus and Remus , the legendary
founders of Rome. Jupiter was venerated in ancient Roman religion , and is still
venerated in Roman Neopaganism . He is a son of Saturn , along with brothers
Neptune and Pluto .[1][2][3] He is also the brother/husband of Ceres (daughter
of Saturn and mother of Proserpina ), brother of Veritas (daughter of Saturn),
and father of Mercury .

Flavius Claudius Constantinus, known in
English as Constantine II, (316-340) was Roman Emperor from 337 Campidoglio,
Roma - Costantino II cesare dettaglio.jpgto 340. The eldest son of Constantine
the Great and Fausta , he was born at Arles , and was raised as a Christian.



On March 1 , 317, Constantine was made Caesar , and at the age of seven in 323,
took part in his father's campaign against the Sarmatians . At the age of ten he
became commander of Gaul, after the death of his half-brother Crispus . An
inscription dating to 330 records the title of Alamannicus, so it is probable
that his generals won a victory over the Alamanni . His military career
continued when Constantine I elected his son field commander during the 332
campaign against the Goths .



Following the death of his father in 337, Constantine II became emperor jointly
with his brothers Constantius II and Constans . After the division of the
empire, made by the three brothers in September of the same year in Pannonia, he
ruled over Gaul, Britannia and Hispania .



He was involved in the struggle between the different Christian streams. The
Western portion of the empire leaned towards Catholicism and against Arianism ,
and Constantine freed Athanasius and allowed him to return to Alexandria . This
action also put some burden on Constantius II, who was a supporter of Arianism.



At first, he was the guardian of his younger brother Constans, whose portion was
Italia , Africa and Illyricum . As Constans came of age, Constantine would not
relinquish the guardianship and in 340 he marched against Constans in Italy, but
was defeated at Aquileia and he was killed in an ambush in Cervignano del Friuli
. Constans came to control his deceased brother's realm.

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